Models for Long-Term Care Policy: What the U.S. Can Learn from Other Countries
Main Article Content
Abstract
The need to provide Long-Term Care (LTC) for growing elderly populations is a public policy issue in all industrialized countries. Unlike other OECD countries, the U.S. lacks a foundation for universal LTC benefits. Much can be learned by examining other industrialized countries. LTC systems. In this paper, we will examine how other countries' provide LTC services for their glowing elderly populations, finance the costs of LTC services, determine eligibility for services, and encourage and support informal caregivers.
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2023 Anderson JG.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
World Population Projections 2050. https://www.un.org/en/desa/world-population-projected-to reach-98-billion-2050-and-112-billion-2100
Medicaid’s Role in Nursing Home Care. https://www.kff.org/infographic/medicaids-role-in-nursing-home-care
Frank RG. Long-term care financing in the United States: sources and institutions. Applied Economic and Policy. 2012. 34(2): 333-345.
Brown JR and Finkelstein A. Insuring long-term care in the United States. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2011; 25(4):119-141.
The Chronicle Herald Special Report, Care in Crisis, A Better Way to Care for the Aging https://www.thechronicleherald.ca/careincrisis/A better...way-to-care-for-the-aging Denmark Long Term Care, OECD. 2011
Da Roit B, Le Bihan B. Similar and yet so different: cash-for-care in six European countries' long-term care policies. Milbank Q. 2010 Sep;88(3):286-309. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0009.2010.00601.x. PMID: 20860573; PMCID: PMC3000929.
Glenngard AH. The Swedish health care system. The Commonwealth Fund. 2016.
Szebehely M. and Trydegard GB. Home care for older people in Sweden: A universal model in transition. Health and Social Care in the Community. 2012; 20(3):300-303. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2016/demo/p95-16-1.pdf
Switzerland Long-term Care. https://www.oecd.org/switzerland/47878092.pdf
Gibson MJ, Redfoot DL. Comparing Long-term Care in Germany and the United States: What Can We Learn from Each Other? https://assets.aarp.org/rgcenter/il/2007_19_usgerman_ltc.pdf
Durand-Zaleski I. The French Healthcare System. The Commonwealth Fund. 2016. http://international.commonwealthfund.org/countries/france/
Joel M, Dufour-Kippelen S, Duchene C, Marmier M. The long-term care system for the elderly in France. European Network of Economic Policy Research Institutes. 2010. http://www.ancien-longtermcare.eu/sites/default/ files/ENEPRI%20_ANCIEN
le Bihan B. France Anticipates Ageing Society through New Piece of Legislation. ESPN Flash Report 2016/18, http://englishbulletin.adapt.it/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ESPN-Flash-Report-2016-18-FR-April-2016.pdf
Chevreul K, Brigham KB. Financing long-term care for frail elderly in France: Milbank The ghost reform. Health Policy. 2013; 11 213-220.
Doty P, Nadash P, Racco N. Long-term care financing: Milbank Quarterly. 2015; 93(2):359-391.
Aged Care Data. Australia. https://www.genagedcaredata.gov.au.
Australia. http://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-health/2014/health-system
Health System Overview: Australia (commonwealth fund). https://www.commonwealthfund.org/sites/default/files/2020-12/2020_IntlOverview_CAN.pdf
Canada OECD. Health Data 2010, Paris. 2010.
De Freytas-Tamura K. Britain’s Model for Outsourcing Services May Be Cracking. New York Times. February 1, 2018; A4.
Tomoko Shinoda-Tagawa and Soichi Koike. Long-Term Care Lessons from the United Kingdom, Germany and Japan. http://www.hcs.harvard.edu/~epihc/currentissue/spring2002/shinoda-tagawa-koike.php
Johnson JA, Stoskopf Comparative Health Systems: Global Perspectives. Boston: Jones and Bartlett. Mexico. 2010; 219-235.
Mexico LTC. http://www.oecd.org/mexico/47877877.pdf
Campbell JC, Ikegami N. Japan’s Radical Reform of Long-Term Care. Social Policy and Administration. 2003; 37:21-34.
Muoio D. Japan is running out of people to take care of the elderly, so it's making robots instead. http://www.businessinsider.com/japan-developing-carebots-for-elderly-care-2015-11
Shimizutani S. The future of long-term care in Japan. Asia-Pacific Review. 2014; 21(1):88-119. https://www.theguardian.com/social-care-network/2014/mar/27/japan-solution-providing-care-ageing-population
Liu T. Nursing Care for Elderly People in Germany and China: A Bilateral Comparison and Exploration of Policy Transfer. 2014, September 29. https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/nursing-care-for-elderly-people-in-germany-and-china-a-bilateral-comparison-and-exploration-of-policy-transfer-2167-1168-3-206.php?aid=3111
Johnson JA, Stoskopf Comparative Health Systems: Global Perspectives. Boston: Jones and Bartlett. Korea. 2010; 337-347.
Kwon S, Kim SJ, Jung Y. Introduction of Long-term Care Insurance in South Korea. http://umdcipe.org/conferences/policy_exchanges/conf_papers/Papers/1661.pdf
Kwon S. Future of long-term care financing for the elderly in Korea. J Aging Soc Policy. 2008;20(1):119-36. doi: 10.1300/J031v20n01_07. PMID: 18198163.
Kwon S. Thirty years of national health insurance in South Korea: lessons for achieving universal health care coverage. Health Policy Plan. 2009 Jan;24(1):63-71. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czn037. Epub 2008 Nov 12. PMID: 19004861.
Johnson JA, Stoskopf. Comparative Health Systems: Global Perspectives. Boston: Jones and Bartlett. Turkey. 2010; 273-285.